Over the following weeks, MacGuire continued the courtship. That explained the ties to the American Legion, if little else. Asking around in the days that followed, he learned MacGuire had been a Navy man in the World War, and had suffered a skull fracture at sea in 1918-off the exact spot on the coast of France where Butler had been stationed. Nor did they pull up in his dirt driveway in a chauffeured Packard limousine. President Roosevelt’s cousin, the late Theodore himself, was said to have called Butler “the ideal American soldier.” Over the course of his career, he had received the Army and Navy Distinguished Service Medals, the French Ordre de l’Étoile Noir, and, in the distinction that would ensure his place in the Marine Corps pantheon, the Medal of Honor-twice.īut most who asked for an audience at the general’s converted farmhouse in Newtown Square, a suburb on Philadelphia’s Main Line, did not carry thick bankbooks, as the bond salesman did. Bestselling books had been written about him. Respected by his peers, beloved by his men, he was known throughout the country as “The Fighting Hell-Devil Marine,” “Old Gimlet Eye,” “The Leatherneck’s Friend,” and the famous “Fighting Quaker” of the Devil Dogs. For thirty-three years and four months he had been in active service as a United States Marine, a veteran of nearly every overseas conflict dating back to the war against Spain in 1898. Then he opened a bank book showing $42,000 in deposits-worth over $850,000 nearly a century later.īutler was accustomed to people asking him for favors. “Oh, we have friends,” MacGuire responded. “How do you get the money to do that?” the general asked. MacGuire replied it would all be taken care of: train tickets, hotels, everything. What rank-and-file veteran could afford a five-day trip to Chicago in the middle of the Great Depression, Butler wondered. Once they were at the convention, they would spread out around the assembly and start a chant to demand that Butler be given the floor. Butler, the salesman said, would travel in secret with a few hundred legionnaire friends. He was trying to persuade Butler to come to the next Legion convention, in Chicago, to give a speech denouncing President Franklin Delano Roosevelt-specifically his recent decision to take the dollar off the gold standard. MacGuire, represented himself as a member of the American Legion, a veterans’ organization founded at the end of the Great War. Two mammoth red satin umbrellas, given to Butler by villagers on his last overseas mission, to China, swayed gently overhead atop their fifteen-foot poles. The visitor was sitting in the vaulted main hallway the Butlers used as a living room, his cannonball-shaped head framed by the retired general’s old command flags, medals, swords, and assorted tropical bric-a-brac. Smedley Butler sized up the one doing all the talking-the bond salesman in the tailored suit. This image is in the public domain via WikiCommons. After retiring from service, he became a popular activist, speaking at meetings organized by veterans, pacifists, and church groups in the 1930s.A picture of a double medal of honor recipient Smedley Butler. In 1935, Butler wrote a book entitled War Is a Racket, where he described and criticized the workings of the United States in its foreign actions and wars, such as those he was a part of, including the American corporations and other imperialist motivations behind them. A final report by a special House of Representatives Committee confirmed some of Butler’s testimony. The individuals involved all denied the existence of a plot and the media ridiculed the allegations. Roosevelt, with Butler selected to lead a march of veterans to become dictator, similar to other Fascist regimes at that time. In 1933, he became involved in a controversy known as the Business Plot, when he told a congressional committee that a group of wealthy industrialists were planning a military coup to overthrow Franklin D. He is one of 19 men to receive the Medal of Honor twice, one of three to be awarded both the Marine Corps Brevet Medal and the Medal of Honor, and the only Marine to be awarded the Brevet Medal and two Medals of Honor, all for separate actions. Loanable Object – Gen Smedley Butler Uniformīy the end of his career, Butler had received 16 medals, five for heroism.
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